Selenium oxydichloride
Selenium oxydichloride is the inorganic compound with the formula SeOCl2. It is a colorless liquid. With a high dielectric constant (55) and high specific conductance, it is an attractive solvent. Structurally, it is a close chemical relative of thionyl chloride SOCl2, being a pyramidal molecule.
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| Names | |||
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| IUPAC name
Selenium oxychloride | |||
| Other names
Seleninyl chloride | |||
| Identifiers | |||
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| ChemSpider | |||
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.029.313 | ||
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| Properties | |||
Chemical formula |
SeOCl2 | ||
| Molar mass | 165.87 g/mol | ||
| Appearance | colorless liquid | ||
| Density | 2.43 g/cm3, liquid | ||
| Melting point | 10.9 °C (51.6 °F; 284.0 K) | ||
| Boiling point | 177.2 °C (351.0 °F; 450.3 K) | ||
Refractive index (nD) |
1.651 (20 °C) | ||
| Structure | |||
Molecular shape |
trigonal pyramidal | ||
| Hazards | |||
| R-phrases (outdated) | 14-23/25-33-35-50/53 | ||
| S-phrases (outdated) | 26-36/37/39-45-60-61 | ||
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | 
0
3
1 | ||
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |||
LDLo (lowest published) |
2 mg/kg (rabbit, dermal)[1] | ||
| Related compounds | |||
Related compounds |
SOCl2, POCl3 | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |||
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Preparation and reactions
Selenium oxydichloride can be prepared by several methods, and a popular one involves the conversion of selenium dioxide to dichloroselenious acid followed by dehydration:[2]
- SeO2 + 2 HCl → Se(OH)2Cl2
- Se(OH)2Cl2 → SeOCl2 + H2O
The original synthesis involved the redistribution reaction of selenium dioxide and selenium tetrachloride.
The compound hydrolyzes readily to form hydrogen chloride and selenium dioxide.
See also
- Selenium oxybromide SeOBr2
- Selenous acid H2SeO3
References
- "Selenium compounds (as Se)". Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- Smith, G. B. L.; Jackson, Julius (1950). "Selenium(IV) Oxychloride". Inorganic Syntheses. 3: 130–137. doi:10.1002/9780470132340.ch34.
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