Tinidazole

Tinidazole is a drug used against protozoan infections. It is widely known throughout Europe and the developing world as a treatment for a variety of amoebic and parasitic infections. It was developed in 1972 and is a prominent member of the nitroimidazole antibiotic class.[1]

Tinidazole
Clinical data
Trade namesFasigyn, Simplotan, Tindamax
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa604036
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: B3
  • US: C (Risk not ruled out)
    Routes of
    administration    		Oral
    ATC code
    Legal status
    Legal status
    • AU: S4 (Prescription only)
    • UK: POM (Prescription only)
    • US: ℞-only
    Pharmacokinetic data
    Protein binding12%
    MetabolismHepatic (CYP3A4)
    Elimination half-life12–14 hours
    ExcretionUrine (20–25%), faeces (12%)
    Identifiers
    CAS Number
    PubChem CID
    DrugBank
    ChemSpider
    UNII
    KEGG
    ChEMBL
    NIAID ChemDB
    CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
    ECHA InfoCard100.039.089
    Chemical and physical data
    FormulaC8H13N3O4S
    Molar mass247.27 g·mol−1
    3D model (JSmol)
      (verify)

    Tinidazole is marketed by Mission Pharmacal under the brand name Tindamax, by Pfizer under the names Fasigyn and Simplotan, and in some Asian countries as Sporinex.

    Uses

    A large body of clinical data exists to support use of tinidazole for infections from amoebae, giardia, and trichomonas, just like metronidazole. Tinidazole may be a therapeutic alternative in the setting of metronidazole intolerance. Tinidazole may also be used to treat a variety of other bacterial infections (e.g., as part of combination therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication protocols).[2]

    Side effects

    Drinking alcohol while taking tinidazole causes an unpleasant disulfiram-like reaction, which includes nausea, vomiting, headache, increased blood pressure, flushing, and shortness of breath.

    Half-life

    Elimination half-life is 13.2 ± 1.4 hours. Plasma half-life is 12 to 14 hours.

    References
    1. Ebel, K., Koehler, H., Gamer, A. O., & Jäckh, R. “Imidazole and Derivatives.” In Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry; 2002 Wiley-VCH, doi:10.1002/14356007.a13_661
    2. Edwards, David I. "Nitroimidazole drugs – action and resistance mechanisms. I. Mechanism of action" Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 1993, volume 31, pp. 9–20. doi:10.1093/jac/31.1.9.
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