Caesium perchlorate

Caesium perchlorate[1][2]
Names
IUPAC name
Caesium perchlorate
Other names
Cesium perchlorate
Identifiers
CAS Number
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.033.298
EC Number
  • 236-643-0
PubChem CID
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
InChI
  • InChI=1S/ClHO4.Cs/c2-1(3,4)5;/h(H,2,3,4,5);/q;+1/p-1 checkY
    Key: WKDKOOITVYKILI-UHFFFAOYSA-M checkY
  • InChI=1/ClHO4.Cs/c2-1(3,4)5;/h(H,2,3,4,5);/q;+1/p-1
    Key: WKDKOOITVYKILI-REWHXWOFAB
SMILES
  • [Cs+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O
Properties
Chemical formula
 CsClO4
Molar mass 232.36 g/mol
Appearance Colorless crystals
Density 3.327 g/cm3
Melting point 250 °C (482 °F; 523 K) (decomposes)
Solubility in water
 1.974 g/100 ml (25 °C)
Solubility product (Ksp)
3.95×10−3[3]
Refractive index (nD)
 1.4887
Structure
Crystal structure
 orthorhombic (<219 °C)
cubic (>219 °C, a = 798 pm)
Space group
 Pnma (<219 °C)
F43m (>219 °C)
Lattice constant
a = 982 pm, b = 600 pm, c = 779 pm (orthorhombic, <219 °C)
Hazards
GHS labelling:[4]
Pictograms
 GHS03: OxidizingGHS07: Exclamation mark
Signal word
 Danger
Hazard statements
 H271, H272, H302, H315, H319, H332, H335
Precautionary statements
 P210, P220, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P283, P301+P317, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P306+P360, P317, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P371+P380+P375, P403+P233, P405, P420, P501
Flash point Non-flammable
Safety data sheet (SDS) External MSDS
Related compounds
Other anions
 Caesium chloride
Caesium chlorate
Other cations
 Lithium perchlorate
Sodium perchlorate
Potassium perchlorate
Rubidium perchlorate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Caesium perchlorate or cesium perchlorate (CsClO4), is a perchlorate of caesium. It forms white crystals, which are sparingly soluble in cold water and ethanol. It dissolves more easily in hot water.

CsClO4 is the second least soluble of the alkali metal perchlorates (after Fr, followed by Rb, K, Li, and Na), a property which may be used for separatory purposes and even for gravimetric analysis.[5] This low solubility played an important role in the characterization of francium as an alkali metal, as francium perchlorate coprecipitates with caesium perchlorate.[6]

Table of solubility in water[1][2]
Temperature (°C) 0 8.5 14 25 40 50 60 70 99
Solubility (g / 100 ml) 0.8 0.91 1.91 1.974 3.694 5.47 7.30 9.79 28.57

When heated, CsClO4 decomposes to caesium chloride above 250 °C. Like all perchlorates, it is a strong oxidant and may react violently with reducing agents and organic materials, especially at elevated temperatures.

References

  1. ^ a b Perry, Dale L.; Phillips, Sidney L. (1995), Handbook of Inorganic Compounds, CRC Press.
  2. ^ a b Brezina, F.; Mollin, J.; Pastorek, R.; Sindelar, Z. (1986), Chemicke tabulky anorganickych sloucenin, SNTL.
  3. ^ John Rumble (June 18, 2018). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (99 ed.). CRC Press. pp. 5–188. ISBN 978-1138561632.
  4. ^ PubChem. "Cesium perchlorate". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2026-01-18.
  5. ^ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1984). Chemistry of the Elements. Oxford: Pergamon Press. p. 1017. ISBN 978-0-08-022057-4..
  6. ^ Hyde, E. K. (1952), "Radiochemical Methods for the Isolation of Element 87 (Francium)", J. Am. Chem. Soc., 74 (16): 4181–84, doi:10.1021/ja01136a066, hdl:2027/mdp.39015086483156
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