Potassium peroxide

Potassium peroxide
Names
IUPAC name
Potassium peroxide
Identifiers
CAS Number
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.037.339
EC Number
  • 241-089-8
PubChem CID
UNII
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
InChI
  • InChI=1S/2K.O2/c;;1-2/q2*+1;-2 ☒N
    Key: XXQBEVHPUKOQEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ☒N
  • InChI=1/2K.O2/c;;1-2/q2*+1;-2
    Key: XXQBEVHPUKOQEO-UHFFFAOYAV
SMILES
  • [O-][O-].[K+].[K+]
Properties
Chemical formula
 K2O2
Molar mass 110.196 g/mol
Appearance yellow amorphous solid
Melting point 490 °C (914 °F; 763 K)
Solubility in water
 reacts with water[1]
Structure
Crystal structure
 Orthorhombic
Space group
 Cmca, oS16
Thermochemistry
Std molar
entropy (S⦵298)
 113 J·mol−1·K−1[2]
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298)
 −496 kJ·mol−1[2]
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Pictograms
 GHS03: Oxidizing GHS07: Exclamation mark
Signal word
 Danger
Hazard statements
 H272, H315, H319
Precautionary statements
 P210, P220, P221, P264, P280, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P321, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P370+P378, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamond
3
0
2
W
OX
Related compounds
Other anions
 Potassium chloride
Other cations
 Lithium peroxide
Sodium peroxide
Rubidium peroxide
Caesium peroxide
Related potassium oxides
 Potassium oxide
Potassium superoxide
Potassium ozonide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Potassium peroxide is an inorganic compound with the molecular formula K2O2. It is formed as potassium reacts with oxygen in the air, along with potassium oxide (K2O) and potassium superoxide (KO2).

Crystal structure

Potassium peroxide reacts with water to form potassium hydroxide and oxygen:

2 K2O2 + 2 H2O → 4 KOH + O2 ↑

Properties

Potassium peroxide is a highly reactive, oxidizing white to yellowish solid which, while not flammable itself, reacts violently with flammable materials. It decomposes violently on contact with water.[1]

The standard enthalpy of formation of potassium peroxide is ΔH f 0 = −496 kJ/mol.

Usage

Potassium peroxide is used as an oxidizing agent and bleach (due to the peroxide), and to purify air.

References

  1. ^ a b Lide, David R. (1998). Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87 ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. pp. 477, 520. ISBN 0-8493-0594-2.
  2. ^ a b Zumdahl, Steven S. (2009). Chemical Principles 6th Ed. Houghton Mifflin Company. p. A22. ISBN 978-0-618-94690-7.
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