Menthyl isovalerate
Names
IUPAC name
(1R ,3R ,4S )-p -Menthan-3-yl 3-methylbutanoate
Systematic IUPAC name
(1R ,2S ,5R )-5-Methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)cyclohexyl 3-methylbutanoate
Other names
Validolum; Valofin; Validol; Menthoval
Identifiers
CAS Number
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard
100.036.766
UNII
InChI=1S/C15H28O2/c1-10(2)8-15(16)17-14-9-12(5)6-7-13(14)11(3)4/h10-14H,6-9H2,1-5H3/t12-,13+,14-/m1/s1
Key: VYQSSWZYPCCBRN-HZSPNIEDSA-N
InChI=1/C15H28O2/c1-10(2)8-15(16)17-14-9-12(5)6-7-13(14)11(3)4/h10-14H,6-9H2,1-5H3/t12-,13+,14-/m1/s1
Key: VYQSSWZYPCCBRN-HZSPNIEDBT
C[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@@H](C1)OC(=O)CC(C)C)C(C)C
Properties
Chemical formula
C 15 H 28 O 2
Molar mass
240.387 g·mol−1
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references
Menthyl isovalerate , also known as validolum , is the menthyl ester of isovaleric acid . It is a transparent oily, colorless liquid with a smell of menthol. It is very slightly soluble in ethanol , while practically insoluble in water. It is used as a food additive for flavor and fragrance.[ 1]
Medical use
In Poland, Bulgaria, Romania and the former Soviet Union states including Russia, menthyl isovalerate mixed with roughly 25% menthol is sold as an anxiolytic under various trade names including Extravalerianic, Validol, Valofin, and Menthoval.[ 2] [ 3] [ 4]
Validol , the anxiety medication containing a roughly 25% solution of menthol in menthyl isovalerate is prepared essentially in one step, in which the amount of menthol added before conducting the acid catalysed esterification is in an excess such that the resulting solution of the yielded ester has around 25% menthol, simplifying the procedure. Work up might consist of several washings, including one with aqueous sodium bicarbonate to neutralize traces of acid catalyst and unreacted isovaleric acid, and distillation.
See also
References
Anxiolytics (N05B)
5-HT1A R Tooltip 5-HT1A receptor agonistsGABAA R Tooltip GABAA receptor PAMs Tooltip positive allosteric modulators Gabapentinoids(α2 δ VDCC blockers) Antidepressants
SSRIs Tooltip Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (e.g., escitalopram )
SNRIs Tooltip Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (e.g., duloxetine )
SARIs Tooltip Serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitors (e.g., trazodone )
TCAs Tooltip Tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., clomipramine # )
TeCAs Tooltip Tetracyclic antidepressants (e.g., mirtazapine )
MAOIs Tooltip Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (e.g., phenelzine ); Others: Agomelatine
Bupropion
Tianeptine
Vilazodone
Vortioxetine
Sympatholytics(Antiadrenergics)
Alpha-1 blockers (e.g., prazosin )
Alpha-2 agonists (e.g., clonidine , dexmedetomidine , guanfacine )
Beta blockers (e.g., propranolol , atenolol , betaxolol , nadolol , oxprenolol , pindolol )
Others
# WHO-EM
‡ Withdrawn from market
Clinical trials:
† Phase III
§ Never to phase III
Hypnotics/sedatives (N05C)
GABAA
Alcohols Barbiturates Benzodiazepines Carbamates Imidazoles Monoureides
Acecarbromal
Apronal (apronalide)
Bromisoval
Capuride
Carbromal
Ectylurea
Neurosteroids Nonbenzodiazepines Phenols
Cipepofol (ciprofol)
Fospropofol
Propofol
Propofol hemisuccinate
Piperidinediones Quinazolinones
Afloqualone
Cloroqualone
Diproqualone
Etaqualone
Mebroqualone
Mecloqualone
Methaqualone
Methylmethaqualone
Nitromethaqualone
SL-164
Others
GABAB H1
Antihistamines Antidepressants
Serotonin antagonists and reuptake inhibitors
Tricyclic antidepressants
Tetracyclic antidepressants
Antipsychotics
Typical antipsychotics
Atypical antipsychotics
α2 -Adrenergic 5-HT2A
Antidepressants
Trazodone
Tricyclic antidepressants
Tetracyclic antidepressants
Antipsychotics
Typical antipsychotics
Atypical antipsychotics
Others
Melatonin Orexin
Daridorexant
Lemborexant
Suvorexant
α2 δ VDCC Others
GABA A receptor positive modulators
Alcohols Barbiturates Benzodiazepines Carbamates
Carisbamate
Carisoprodol
Clocental
Cyclarbamate
Difebarbamate
Emylcamate
Ethinamate
Febarbamate
Felbamate
Hexapropymate
Hydroxyphenamate
Lorbamate
Mebutamate
Meprobamate
Nisobamate
Pentabamate
Phenprobamate
Procymate
Styramate
Tetrabamate
Tybamate
Flavonoids Imidazoles
Etomidate
Metomidate
Methoxyetomidate
Propoxate
Isopropoxate
Butomidate
Iso-butomidate
Sec-butomidate
CF2-Etomidate
CF3-Etomidate
CF3-Propoxate
Flutomidate
2,6-Dichloro-3-fluoroetomidate
Kava constituents
10-Methoxyyangonin
11-Methoxyyangonin
11-Hydroxyyangonin
Desmethoxyyangonin
11-Methoxy-12-hydroxydehydrokavain
7,8-Dihydroyangonin
Kavain
5-Hydroxykavain
5,6-Dihydroyangonin
7,8-Dihydrokavain
5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroyangonin
5,6-Dehydromethysticin
Methysticin
7,8-Dihydromethysticin
Yangonin
Monoureides
Acecarbromal
Apronal (apronalide)
Bromisoval
Carbromal
Capuride
Ectylurea
Neuroactive steroids Nonbenzodiazepines
Imidazopyridines : Alpidem
DS-1
Necopidem
Saripidem
Zolpidem
Pyrazolopyrimidines : Divaplon
Fasiplon
Indiplon
Lorediplon
Ocinaplon
Panadiplon
Taniplon
Zaleplon
Others : Adipiplon
AXS-17 (BAER-101, AZD-7325)
CGS-8216
CGS-9896
CGS-13767
CGS-20625
CL-218,872
CP-615,003
CTP-354
ELB-139
GBLD-345
Imepitoin
JM-1232
L-838,417
Lirequinil (Ro41-3696)
Miltirone (rosmariquinone)
NS-2664
NS-2710
NS-11394
Pipequaline
ROD-188
RWJ-51204
SB-205,384
SX-3228
TGSC01AA
TP-003
TPA-023
TP-13
U-89843A
U-90042
Viqualine
Y-23684
Phenols Piperidinediones Pyrazolopyridines
Cartazolate
Etazolate
ICI-190,622
Tracazolate
Quinazolinones
Afloqualone
Cloroqualone
Diproqualone
Etaqualone
Mebroqualone
Mecloqualone
Methaqualone
Methylmethaqualone
Nitromethaqualone
SL-164
Volatiles/gases Others/unsorted
3-Hydroxybutanal
α-EMTBL
AA-29504
Alogabat
Avermectins (e.g., ivermectin )
Bromide compounds (e.g., lithium bromide , potassium bromide , sodium bromide )
Carbamazepine
Chloralose
Chlormezanone
Clomethiazole
Darigabat
DEABL
Deuterated etifoxine
Dihydroergolines (e.g., dihydroergocryptine, dihydroergosine, dihydroergotamine , ergoloid (dihydroergotoxine) )
DS2
Efavirenz
Etazepine
Etifoxine
Fenamates (e.g., flufenamic acid , mefenamic acid , niflumic acid , tolfenamic acid )
Fluoxetine
Flupirtine
Hopantenic acid
KRM-II-81
Lanthanum
Lavender oil
Lignans (e.g., 4-O-methylhonokiol, honokiol , magnolol , obovatol)
Loreclezole
Menthyl isovalerate (validolum)
Monastrol
Nicotinic acid
Nicotinamide
Org 25,435
Phenytoin
Propanidid
Retigabine (ezogabine)
Safranal
Seproxetine
Stiripentol
Sulfonylalkanes (e.g., sulfonmethane (sulfonal), tetronal, trional)
Terpenoids (e.g., borneol )
Topiramate
Valerian constituents (e.g., isovaleric acid , isovaleramide, valerenic acid, valerenol)
Unsorted benzodiazepine site positive modulators: α-Pinene
MRK-409 (MK-0343)
TCS-1105
TCS-1205
See also: Receptor/signaling modulators • GABA receptor modulators • GABA metabolism/transport modulators